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Perils of Pain Meds

Stephen G. Gelfand, MD, FACP, FACR  |  Issue: January 2008  |  January 1, 2008

In view of the well-documented risks of opioids, careful patient selection and prudent use should be the standard. Pain should not be managed in isolation without an understanding of its roots, just as fever mandates a search for causes. Under-treatment should refer not only to drug therapy, but also to the absence of important non-drug interventions. Hopefully, this approach will reduce inappropriate opioid use as well as associated morbidity and mortality.

Dr. Gelfand is a rheumatologist at Cookeville Regional Medical Center in Cookeville, Tenn.

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References

  1. Bradley LA, Alberts KR. Psychological and behavioral approaches to pain management for patients with rheumatic diseases. Rheum Dis Clinics North Am. 1999;25(1):215-232.
  2. Lemstra M, Olszynski WP. The effectiveness of multidisciplinary rehabilitation in the treatment of fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial. Clin J Pain. 2005;21(2):166-174.
  3. Minor MA, Sanford MK. The role of physical therapy and physical modalities in pain management. Rheum Dis Clinics North Am. 1999;25(1):233-248.
  4. Gelfand SG. The pitfalls of opioids for chronic nonmalignant pain of central origin. Medscape Rheumatology. 4(1), 2002. (www.medscape.com/viewarticle/425468).
  5. Ballantyne JC, Mao J. Opioid therapy for chronic pain. N Eng J Med. 2003;349:1943-1953.
  6. Trescot AM, Boswell MV, Atluri SL, et al. Opioid guidelines in the management of chronic non-cancer pain. Pain Phys. 2006;9:1-39.
  7. Martell BA, O’Connor PG, Kerns RD, et al. Opioid treatment for chronic back pain: Prevalence, efficacy, and association with addiction. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146(2):116-127.
  8. Compton WM, Volkow ND. Major increases in opioid analgesic abuse in the United States: Concerns and strategies. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006;81:103-107.
  9. Paulozzi LJ, Budnitz DS, Xi Y. Increasing deaths from opioid analgesics in the United States. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2006;15:618-627.
  10. Moore TJ, Cohen MR, Furberg CD. Serious adverse drug events reported to the FDA 1998–2005. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167(16):1752-1759.
  11. Florida Department of Law Enforcement. 2006 report of drugs identified in deceased persons by Florida Medical Examiners. June 2007. (www.fdle.state.fl.us/publications/Examiners/2006DrugReport.pdf)

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Filed under:ConditionsEthicsQuality Assurance/ImprovementSoft Tissue Pain Tagged with:CDCHealthcareopioidPainprimary carerheumatology

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