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Case Report: A Patient Presents with Digital Ischemia & Gangrene

Nedal Darwish, MD, Mohamed Manaa, MD, Griffin Reyes, MD, & James G. Freeman, MD  |  Issue: June 2023  |  June 10, 2023

James G. Freeman, MD, is a clinical assistant professor of medicine at Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine and a practicing rheumatologist in upstate New York. He completed his fellowship training at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, and a residency in internal medicine at Boston University Medical Center.

References

  1. Wilson WA, Gharavi AE, Koike T, et al. International consensus statement on preliminary classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome: Report of an international workshop. Arthritis Rheum. 1999 Jul;42(7):1309–1311.
  2. Miyakis S, Lockshin MD, Atsumi T, et al. International consensus statement on an update of the classification criteria for definite antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). J Thromb Haemost. 2006 Feb;4(2):295–306.
  3. Cervera R, Piette JC, Font J, et al. Antiphospholipid syndrome: Clinical and immunologic manifestations and patterns of disease expression in a cohort of 1,000 patients. Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Apr;46(4):1019–1027.
  4. Negrini S, Pappalardo F, Murdaca G, et al. The antiphospholipid syndrome: From pathophysiology to treatment. Clin Exp Med. 2017 Aug;17(3):257–267.
  5. Bala M, Undas A, et al. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents for secondary prevention of stroke and other thromboembolic events in people with antiphospholipid syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Oct 12;10(10):CD012169.
  6. Rodziewicz M, D’Cruz DP. An update on the management of antiphospholipid syndrome. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2020 Apr 27;12:1759720X20910855.
  7. Piette JC, Karmochkine M, Papo T, et al. Treatment of the antiphospholipid syndrome. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 1995 Spring;13(1):73–89.
  8. Lockshin MD. Anticoagulation in management of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome in pregnancy. Clin Lab Med. 2013 Jun;33(2):367–376.

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Filed under:ConditionsOther Rheumatic Conditions Tagged with:Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome (APS)arthralgiascase reportdigital ischemiagangrene

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