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Food, Diet, Nutrition & Rheumatic Diseases—Are They Really Related?

Brendan Cerk, MD, & Richard S. Panush, MD  |  Issue: April 2021  |  April 17, 2021


Brendan Cerk, MD, is a post-doctoral fellow in the Division of Rheumatology of the Department of Medicine, the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, and Los Angeles County + University of Southern California (LAC+USC) Medical Center.

Richard S. Panush, MD, MACP, MACR, is a professor in the Division of Rheumatology of the Department of Medicine, the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, and Los Angeles County + University of Southern California (LAC+USC) Medical Center.

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Apocryphal Remedy—Chicken Soup—Shown to Have a Scientific Basis

One study suggests that chicken soup may contain a number of substances with beneficial medicinal activity. A mild anti-inflammatory effect could be one mechanism by which the soup could result in the mitigation of symptomatic upper respiratory tract infections.

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  1. Rennard BO, Ertl RF, Gossman GL, et al. Chicken soup inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro. Chest. 2000 Oct;118(4):1150–1157.
  2. Bender BS. Barbara, what’s a nice girl like you doing writing an article like this?: The scientific basis of folk remedies for colds and flu. Chest. 2000 Oct;118(4):887–888.

Late-breaking news

RA risk reduced by mediterranean diet

Authors’ note: While this was article was in press, a study was published suggesting that adherence to the Mediterranean diet could reduce the risk of developing RA among ever-smoking women: Nguyen Y, Salliot C, Gelot A, et al. Mediterranean diet and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: Findings from the French E3N-EPIC cohort study. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021 Jan;73(1):69–77. doi: 10.1002/art.41487. Epub 2020 Dec 3. PMID: 32909390.

This doesn’t significantly change our perspectives. And we intentionally considered that discussion of dietary supplements and herbal remedies were beyond the scope of our article.

References

  1. Panush RS, Carter RL, Katz P, et al. Diet therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1983 Apr;26(4):462–471.
  2. Panush RS. Food induced (“allergic”) arthritis: Clinical and serologic studies. J Rheumatol. 1990 Mar;17(3):291–294.
  3. Panush RS. C’mon, CAM. J Rheumatol. 2013 May;40(5):544–546.
  4. Panush RS. Shift happens: Complementary and alternative medicine for rheumatologists. J Rheumatol. 2002 Apr;29(4):656–658.
  5. Panush RS. Does food cause or cure arthritis? Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1991 May;17(2):259–272.
  6. Panush RS. Complementary and alternative remedies for rheumatic disorders. UpToDate, Waltham, Mass., 2020.
  7. Arthritis Foundation. Arthritis: The basic facts. Atlanta. 1981.
  8. Tanner SB, Callahan LF, Panush RS, et al. Dietary and allergic associations with rheumatoid arthritis: Self-report of 704 patients. Arthritis Rheum. 1990 Dec; 3(4):189–195.
  9. Tedeschi SK, Frits M, Cui J, et al. Diet and rheumatoid arthritis symptoms: Survey results from a rheumatoid arthritis registry. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2017 Dec; 69(12):1920–1925.
  10. Tedeschi SK, Costenbader KH. Is there a role for diet in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis? Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2016 May;18(5):23.
  11. Rahman P, Inman RD, El-Gabalawy H, et al. Pathophysiology and pathogenesis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: Commonalities and differences. J Rheumatol Suppl. 2010 May;85:11–26.
  12. Wands JR, LaMont JT, Mann E, et al. Arthritis associated with intestinal-bypass procedure for morbid obesity. Complement activation and characterization of circulating cryoproteins. N Engl J Med. 1976 Jan;294(3):121–124.
  13. Ziff M. Diet in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1983 Apr;26(4):457–461.
  14. Panush RS, Stroud RM, Webster EM. Food-induced (allergic) arthritis. Inflammatory arthritis exacerbated by milk. Arthritis Rheum. 1986 Feb;29(2):220–226.
  15. Proudman SM, James MJ, Spargo LD, et al. Fish oil in recent onset rheumatoid arthritis: A randomised, double-blind controlled trial within algorithm-based drug use. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015 Jan;74(1):89–95.
  16. Sköldstam L, Hagfors L, Johansson G. An experimental study of a Mediterranean diet intervention for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003 Mar;62(3):208–214.
  17. Petersson S, Philippou E, Rodomar C, et al. The Mediterranean diet, fish oil supplements and rheumatoid arthritis outcomes: Evidence from clinical trials. Autoimmun Rev. 2018 Nov;17(11):1105–1114.
  18. Tsuda R, Ozawa T, Kobayashi E, et al. Monoclonal antibody against citrullinated peptides obtained from rheumatoid arthritis patients reacts with numerous citrullinated microbial and food proteins. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015 May;67(8):2020–2031.
  19. Hu Y, Sparks JA, Malspeis S, et al. Long-term dietary quality and risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis in women. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017 Aug;76(8):1357–1364.
  20. de Pablo P, Romaguera D, Fisk HL, et al. High erythrocyte levels of the n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid are associated with lower risk of subsequent rheumatoid arthritis in a southern European nested case-control study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018 Jul;77(7):981–987.
  21. Gan RW, Bemis EA, Demoruelle MK, et al. The association between omega-3 fatty acid biomarkers and inflammatory arthritis in an anti-citrullinated protein antibody positive population. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2017 Dec;56(12):2229–2236.
  22. Arntz OJ, Pieters BCH, Oliveira MC, et al. Oral administration of bovine milk derived extracellular vesicles attenuates arthritis in two mouse models. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2015 Sep;59(9):1701–1712.
  23. Clemente JC, Manasson J, Scher JU. The role of the gut microbiome in systemic inflammatory disease. BMJ. 2018 Jan;360:j5145.
  24. Wei M, Brandhorst S, Shelehchi M, et al. Fasting-mimicking diet and markers/risk factors for aging, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Sci Transl Med. 2017 Feb 15;9(377):eaai8700.
  25. Stamp LK, James MJ, Cleland LG. Diet and rheumatoid arthritis: A review of the literature. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2005 Oct;35(2):77–94.

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