Finally, Dr. Stone discussed eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), a condition that, among other things, can cause devastating vasculitic neuropathy. IL-5 inhibition has been a mainstay of treatment in recent years, and this can be done with either mepolizumab or benralizumab. For severe cases of EGPA, such as with neuropathy or cardiomyopathy, patients are typically treated with high-dose glucocorticoids and rituximab; cyclophosphamide is also a consideration. Looking to the future, Dr. Stone was bullish on the concept that CAR T cell therapy can be applied to patients with vasculitis and expressed the hope that this may obviate the need for ongoing treatment with medications like rituximab, which he views as problematic when it is used every six months for indefinite periods of time.
All told, the Review Course was a masterful display of clinical and basic science insights. The audience left much the wiser and excited to apply the lessons learned to the care of their patients, both across the country and around the world.
Jason Liebowitz, MD, FACR, is an assistant professor of medicine in the Division of Rheumatology at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York.
References
- Willemze R, Jansen PM, Cerroni L, et al. Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma: Definition, classification, and prognostic factors: An EORTC Cutaneous Lymphoma Group Study of 83 cases. Blood. 2008 Jan 15;111(2):838–845.
- FitzGerald JD. Gout. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Mar;178(3):ITC33–ITC48.
- O’Dell JR, Brophy MT, Pillinger MH, et al. Comparative effectiveness of allopurinol and febuxostat in gout management. NEJM Evid. 2022 Mar;1(3):10.1056/evidoa2100028. Erratum in: NEJM Evid. 2022 Jul;1(7):EVIDx2200150. Erratum in: NEJM Evid. 2022 Aug;1(8):EVIDx2200180.
- FitzGerald JD, Dalbeth N, Mikuls T, et al. 2020 American College of Rheumatology guideline for the management of gout. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2020 Jun;72(6):744–760. Erratum in: Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2020 Aug;72(8):1187. Erratum in: Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2021 Mar;73(3):458.
- Yokose C, McCormick N, Abhishek A, et al. The clinical benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors in people with gout. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2024 Apr;20(4):216–231.
- Baggio C, Bindoli S, Guidea I, et al. IL-18 in autoinflammatory diseases: Focus on adult onset still disease and macrophages activation syndrome. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 5;24(13):11125.
- Stone JH, Khosroshahi A, Zhang W, et al. Inebilizumab for treatment of IgG4-related disease. N Engl J Med. 2025 Mar 27;392(12):1168–1177.
- Blockmans D, Penn SK, Setty AR, et al. A phase 3 trial of upadacitinib for giant-cell arteritis. N Engl J Med. 2025 May 29;392(20):2013–2024.


