Quality reporting has been a work in progress for almost three decades since a landmark 1999 report from the Institute of Medicine, ‘To Err is Human,’ concluded that tens of thousands of patients deaths each year were the direct result of medical errors.
Physician Compare is the flagship effort by the U.S. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. But although more than 1 million clinicians care for Medicare enrollees, only about 239,000, or 23%, had any quality information at all available on the Physician Compare website, researchers report online May 6 in JAMA Internal Medicine.1
And virtually none of the doctors had data tied to their individual job performance.
“To truly be able to inform patient decision-making, it is imperative that the data accessible to patients and their caregivers capture a large swath of clinicians,” says lead study author Jun Li, MD, MSPH, of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
“Patients should be able to use the quality information to distinguish higher from lower performing clinicians,” Dr. Li says by email.
In the current study, only about 21% of primary care providers reported some individual or group information related to outcomes from their practice. But almost all of this data was at the practice level, making it hard for patients to know who may be a better or worse choice among several physicians at one clinic.
And half of them provided details on no more than one or two quality outcomes.
Doctors who did share individual level outcomes tended to have very high quality scores, suggesting that physicians may only opt into the voluntary reporting system when they know the results will make them look good, the study authors note.
Clinicians also aren’t required to report data on outcomes for every patient, and they may choose only to submit information for cases that turned out well, researchers point out.
“Given its voluntary nature, it is not a surprise few doctors submit to this platform,” says Vineet Arora, MD, MAPP, of the University of Chicago Medicine.
“The group that does is the ‘army of the willing’ and likely early adopters in the quality movement,” Dr. Arora, who wasn’t involved in the study, says by email. “More robust uptake would likely require mandatory reporting, financial incentives, and also improved ease of reporting using electronic health records to avoid adding increased burden to physician practices.”